Zionism

• Zionism is an ethnic or ethno-cultural nationalist movement that emerged in Europe in the late 19th century.
• Its main goal is the re-establishment of a homeland for the Jewish people through the colonization of Palestine.
  • The region corresponding to the Land of Israel in Jewish tradition, an area deeply embedded in Jewish history, religion and the identity.

History Of Zionism

• In the 17th century, a number of “messiahs” tried to influence the Jews to return to Palestine.
• By the late 18th century, interest had largely faded.
• Pogroms in Eastern Europe led to the formation of the “Lovers of Zion.”
  • This promoted the settlement of Jewish farmers and artisans in Palestine.
• In the face of persistent anti-Semitism, “Theodor Herzl” advocated a Jewish state in Palestine.
• In 1897, He held the First Zionist Congress in Basel.
• After World War I, the movement picked up momentum with the issuing of the Balfour Declaration.
• The Jewish population in Palestine increased from 90,000 in 1914 to 238,000 in 1933.
• The Arab population resisted the movement.
• The British were unsuccessful in reconciling Jewish and Arab demands.
• In 1948, The movement achieved its goal with the creation of Israel.

Source

• Britannica